Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

18 questions · 28 findings · 3 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 9 · 32.1%Very low 4 · 14.3%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 7 · 25%High 8 · 28.6%

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival (OS) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.98 [0.91, 1.46]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.02 [0.91, 1.15]
2 studies · 1607 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Neutropenia · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower neutropenia compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]
4 studies · 1857 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Febrile neutropenia · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower febrile neutropenia compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.12 [0.06, 0.23]
3 studies · 1768 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.19 [0.86, 1.65]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.04 [0.92, 1.17]
2 studies · 1607 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Rash · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to higher skin rash compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.4 [1.08, 5.31]
4 studies · 1858 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Constipation · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower constipation compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.41 [0.17, 0.97]
3 studies · 1719 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Fatigue · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib probably leads to lower fatigue compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.16 [0.03, 0.88]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Asthenia · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower asthenia compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.51 [0.35, 0.75]
3 studies · 1773 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Neurotoxicity · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower neurotoxicity compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.34]
2 studies · 1529 participants
High

Gefitinib vs tri‐weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin

Overall survival · EGFR M+ patients with NSCLC

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with paclitaxel + carboplatin (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.95 [0.77, 1.18]
2 studies · 489 participants
High

Gefitinib vs tri‐weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin

Progression‐free survival · EGFR M+ patients with NSCLC

Gefitinib leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with paclitaxel + carboplatin (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.39 [0.32, 0.48]
2 studies · 485 participants
High

Gefitinib vs pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance

Overall survival · EGFR M+ patients with NSCLC

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.84 [0.63, 1.11]
2 studies · 371 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance

Progression‐free survival · EGFR M+ patients with NSCLC

Gefitinib probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.59 [0.46, 0.74]
2 studies · 371 participants
Moderate

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus standard therapy (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) vs Standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy)

Adverse effects · People with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus… led to higher adverse effects compared with standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy); GRADE not reported.

9 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Skin toxicity (lapatinib, all grades)
RR 2.02 [1.23, 3.32]
1 study · 67 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Gastrointestinal complaints (gefitinib, all grades)
RR 1.04 [0.98, 1.11]
1 study · 226 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Gastrointestinal complaints (lapatinib, all grades)
RR 15.53 [2.18, 110.55]
1 study · 67 participants
GRADE not reported

Show 6 more findings

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Skin toxicity (erlotinib, all grades)
RR 6.57 [3.60, 12.00]
1 study · 191 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Mucositis (grades >=3)
RR 1.22 [0.96, 1.56]
2 studies · 286 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Mucositis (all grades)
RR 1.03 [0.94, 1.11]
2 studies · 286 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Skin toxicity (gefitinib, all grades)
RR 1.03 [0.82, 1.28]
2 studies · 286 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Gastrointestinal complaints (grades >=3, pooled)
RR 1.11 [0.83, 1.49]
3 studies · 484 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Skin toxicity (grades >=3, pooled)
RR 1.25 [0.54, 2.88]
4 studies · 544 participants
GRADE not reported

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus standard therapy (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) vs Standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy)

Progression‐free survival · People with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx

It is very uncertain whether tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus… changes progression-free survival compared with standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months
HR 0.80 [0.51, 1.28]
2 studies · 271 participants
Very low

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus standard therapy (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) vs Standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy)

Overall survival · People with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx

It is very uncertain whether tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus… changes overall survival compared with standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months
HR 0.99 [0.62, 1.57]
2 studies · 271 participants
Very low

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus standard therapy (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) vs Standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy)

Disease-free survival · People with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx

It is very uncertain whether tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus… changes disease-free survival compared with standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months · Gefitinib + radiotherapy (oral cavity)
HR 1.51 [0.61, 3.71]
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus standard therapy (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) vs Standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy)

Locoregional control · People with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx

It is very uncertain whether tyrosine kinase inhibitor (erlotinib, gefitinib or lapatinib) plus… changes locoregional control compared with standard therapy alone (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: targeted therapy and immunotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
40 to 60 months
HR 0.89 [0.53, 1.49]
2 studies · 271 participants
Very low