Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

174 questions · 213 findings · 33 reviews · Dental caries

No studies found 31 · 14.6%GRADE not reported 142 · 66.7%Very low 17 · 8%Low 8 · 3.8%Moderate 15 · 7%High 0 · 0%

Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Number of visits to the dentist for repair of sealant or fluoride varnish application · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Time taken to apply pit and fissure sealant or fluoride varnish · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride-containing dental care products (mainly fluoride toothpaste; one study also included fluoride varnish) vs Dietary fluoride sources (drinking water, beverages, food)

Contribution of dental care products to total daily fluoride intake (TDFI) · Humans using fluoride-containing dental care products; 28 included studies, mostly young children, only two studies in adults (aged…

Fluoride-containing dental care products (mainly toothpaste) contributed on average 38% (SD 27%) of total daily fluoride intake, regardless of tap-water fluoride level or age (ungraded; descriptive synthesis, no meta-analysis).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

Unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

Fluoride varnish showed no clear difference in unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs) compared with fluoride toothpaste; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

Proportion of children developing new caries (deciduous) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Fluoride mouthrinse

Unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

Fluoride varnish showed no clear difference in unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs) compared with fluoride mouthrinse; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age vs No fluoride varnish application

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age may leads to higher fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with no fluoride varnish application (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Progression of dentinal carious lesions into enamel or dentine · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Changes in decayed, missing and filled (DMF) figures at whole-mouth level · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Dentine caries in permanent molars (24 months) · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

It is very uncertain whether resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish changes dentine caries in permanent molars (yes/no) compared with fluoride varnish alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish combined with fluoride toothpaste vs Fluoride varnish

Unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

Fluoride varnish combined with fluoride toothpaste showed no clear difference in unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) compared with fluoride varnish alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of children developing new caries (deciduous) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

Fluoride varnish showed no clear difference in proportion of children developing one or more new caries… compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse effects / specific side effects (oral allergic reactions, mucosal irritation, adverse symptoms such as nausea, gagging, vomiting) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of children developing new caries (permanent) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

Fluoride varnish showed no clear difference in proportion of children developing one or more new caries (permanent… compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review