Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

39 questions · 43 findings · 5 reviews · Incontinence

No studies found 13 · 30.2%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 17 · 39.5%Low 9 · 20.9%Moderate 4 · 9.3%High 0 · 0%

PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to bladder training changes number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs,… compared with bladder training alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

Number of women cured · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to drug therapy changes number of women cured ‐ PFMT + clenbuterol versus clenbuterol compared with drug therapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to drug therapy changes number of women reporting adverse events compared with drug therapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tricyclic antidepressants vs Other Drug for

Number not achieving 14 consecutive dry nights at the end of treatment ‐ amitriptyline vs placebo · children with nocturnal enuresis

It is very uncertain whether tricyclics changes number not achieving 14 consecutive dry nights at the end of… compared with another drug (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Surgical site infection · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of surgical site infections (SSIs) before discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review