Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

11 questions · 11 findings · 2 reviews · Temporomandibular disorders and sleep

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No studies found 7 · 63.6%GRADE not reported 3 · 27.3%Very low 1 · 9.1%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Counselling (non-directive) vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Lupton 1968: multi-arm study; counselling arm versus usual care. No usable pain-reduction data reported and could not be combined in meta-analysis (Table 1).
1 study
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Self-reported joint pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Muscle pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Muscle pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (1 month) · Mixed TMD
MD -2.59 [-4.21, -0.97]
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Recurrence · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (6 weeks) · Myofascial pain TMD
MD 1.40 [-7.19, 9.99]
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Patient discomfort · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (1 month) · Mixed TMD
MD -1.42 [-15.78, 12.94]
2 studies · 73 participants
GRADE not reported