Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

8 questions · 8 findings · 2 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 12.5%Very low 1 · 12.5%Low 5 · 62.5%Moderate 0 · 0%High 1 · 12.5%

Intervention not reported

Counselling vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention leads to higher counselling vs usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.44 [1.19, 1.73]
30 studies · 12432 participants
High

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Perinatal mortality · pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Stillbirth · pregnant women

Nutritional education showed no clear difference in stillbirth compared with no counselling or education during pregnancy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.37 [0.07, 1.9]
1 study · 431 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women

Nutritional education showed no clear difference in neonatal death compared with no counselling or education during pregnancy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.28 [0.35, 4.72]
1 study · 448 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Small‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women

Nutritional education showed no clear difference in small‐for‐gestational age compared with no counselling or education during pregnancy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.45, 2.11]
1 study · 404 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Preterm birth · pregnant women

Nutritional education may leads to lower preterm birth compared with no counselling or education during pregnancy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.46 [0.21, 0.98]
2 studies · 449 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Birthweight (g) · pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 320 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Gestational weight gain · pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 233 participants
Very low