Collaborative case management showed no clear difference in use of primary drug during 9 month compared with treatment (low certainty).
Collaborative case management showed no clear difference in reincarceration at 9 months compared with treatment (low certainty).
Collaborative case management showed no clear difference in number of arrests compared with treatment (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes positive drug test using urine sample at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using marijuana at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using crack at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using cocaine at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using heroin at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using methamphetamine at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes self‐report of no drug use at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in marijuana use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in hard drug use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in positive hair test for crack cocaine compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in positive hair test for marijuana use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management probably leads to lower arrested compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in drug charge compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in incarceration compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Mental health treatment court with assertive case management model showed no clear difference in conviction for a new crime compared with treatment (low certainty).
Mental health treatment court with assertive case management model showed no clear difference in re‐incarceration to jail compared with treatment (low certainty).