Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

31 questions · 36 findings · 4 reviews · ENT

No studies found 15 · 41.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 16 · 44.4%Low 5 · 13.9%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation ‐ measured at 1… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Suspected ototoxicity · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes suspected ototoxicity ‐ measured at 10 days to 3 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM

Systemic antibiotics showed no clear difference in resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation compared with topical antibiotics alone (same antibiotics) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Serious complications (including intracranial complications, extracranial complications and death) · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

Topical antibiotics with steroids may leads to lower resolution of ear discharge at between 1 to 2 weeks compared with topical antibiotics alone (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Discomfort/pain · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes ear pain or discomfort at 14 weeks compared with topical antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Suspected ototoxicity: dizziness/vertigo/balance · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes suspected ototoxicity: dizziness/vertigo/balance compared with topical antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review