What do systematic reviews say?

All irrigation vs no irrigation

All irrigation showed no clear difference in SSI compared with no irrigation (low certainty).

• Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.87 [0.68, 1.11]
  14 studies · 6106 participants
  Low

All irrigation vs no irrigation

All irrigation showed no clear difference in wound dehiscence compared with no irrigation (low certainty).

• Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.17 [0.44, 3.06]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Low

All irrigation vs no irrigation

All irrigation showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with no irrigation (low certainty).

• Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.76, 1.44]
  3 studies · 403 participants
  Low

All irrigation vs no irrigation

All irrigation showed no clear difference in adverse events: abscess formation compared with no irrigation (moderate certainty).

• Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.54, 1.54]
  3 studies · 331 participants
  Moderate

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Saline irrigation plus pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment alone

• Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Pocket closure (number/proportion of sites with PPD <=4 mm after treatment): 9 studies reported; all showed an increase in closed pockets after treatment; 8 of 9 found no between-group difference; Koshy 2005 found a…
  9 studies
  GRADE not reported

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  13 studies provided adverse-event/participant-reported information; 3 reported an event after FMD or FMS; most important harm was increased body temperature. FMD/chlorhexidine-specific harms reported by Fonseca 2015…
  13 studies
  GRADE not reported

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth (PPD) compared with quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in… (low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); similar at 3 to 4 months
  MD 0.11 [-0.04, 0.27]
  6 studies · 214 participants
  Low

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tooth loss: None of the studies comparing FMD vs control reported tooth loss.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

It is very uncertain whether full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… changes change in bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in… (very low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); similar at 3 to 4 months
  MD 9.54 [-2.24, 21.32]
  4 studies · 92 participants
  Very low

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing) vs Quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in separate sessions at least one week apart

Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… showed no clear difference in change in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with quadrant scaling and root planing (control): SRP of each quadrant in… (low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); similar at 3 to 4 months
  MD 0.07 [-0.11, 0.24]
  6 studies · 214 participants
  Low

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours, without antiseptic vs Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing)

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival… showed no clear difference in change in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… (low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); 3 to 4 months favoured FMD
  MD -0.05 [-0.23, 0.13]
  4 studies · 112 participants
  Low

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours, without antiseptic vs Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing)

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival… showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth (PPD) compared with full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… (low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); similar at 3 to 4 months
  MD -0.11 [-0.30, 0.07]
  4 studies · 112 participants
  Low

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours, without antiseptic vs Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing)

It is very uncertain whether full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival… changes change in bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… (very low certainty).

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 8 months (SoF); similar at 3 to 4 months
  MD -0.20 [-13.27, 12.87]
  2 studies · 42 participants
  Very low

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours, without antiseptic vs Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Full‐mouth treatment modalities (within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tooth loss: None of the studies comparing FMS vs FMD reported tooth loss.
  0 studies
  No studies found