Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%

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Cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies vs prison therapeutic community

Arrested for any crime at 6 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies changes arrested for any crime at 6 months compared with prison therapeutic community (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies vs prison therapeutic community

Arrested (not parole violation) at 6 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies changes arrested (not parole violation) at 6 months compared with prison therapeutic community (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nicotine replacement therapy vs placebo

Change in weight (kg) · People who have quit smoking

Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation showed no clear difference in mean weight change (kg) at end of treatment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) vs Other Psychological Interventions

Substance use ‐ relapse · co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders

It is very uncertain whether interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) changes substance use ‐ relapse compared with other Psychological Interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) vs Other Psychological Interventions

Retention in treatment · co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders

It is very uncertain whether interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) changes treatment retention compared with other Psychological Interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) vs Other Psychological Interventions

Depression score · co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care vs treatment

Incarceration at 3 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and standard therapy changes incarceration at 3 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Comparison 1.2: Group‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy vs TAU or another comparator

Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in adults

Comparison 1.2: Group‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thermotherapy one session (at 50 ºC for 30 seconds) vs meglumine antimoniate (20 mg Sb5/kg/day

Complete cure, at least 3 months after the end of treatment · People with American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Thermotherapy one session (at 50 ºC for 30 seconds) leads to lower complete cure, at least 3 months after the end of treatment compared with meglumine antimoniate (20 mg Sb5/kg/day (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (talimogene laherparepvec) vs no neoadjuvant treatment

Death Number of deaths over 36 months · stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma

It is very uncertain whether neoadjuvant immunotherapy (talimogene laherparepvec) changes overall survival (OS), measured by the number of deaths over time, compared with no neoadjuvant treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review