Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,730 questions · 18,059 findings · 1,282 reviews

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No studies found 4,360 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 2,529 · 14%Very low 4,641 · 25.7%Low 4,007 · 22.2%Moderate 2,057 · 11.4%High 465 · 2.6%

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Summary of findings table ‐ Exercise plus usual pharmacological care vs another intervention (education, joint aids, or relaxation) plus usual pharmacological care

Quality of life ‐ not reported · systemic lupus erythematosus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise as adjunctive therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Pain, assessed using the CRIES pain scale, ranging from 0 to 10, during the procedure— opioids versus facilitated tucking · procedural pain in neonates

2 findings from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Very low
Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Very low

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Harms · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of bradycardia · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of apnoea · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Hypotension—not reported · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioids vs oral sweet solution or non‐pharmacological intervention

Parent satisfaction with care provided in the NICU—not reported · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Opioids for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

NFCS pain score during the procedure№ of infants: 112(2 RCTs) Score · procedural pain in neonates

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Pain score assessed up to 10 minutes after the procedure · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of bradycardia · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of apnea · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Gingival index (GI) · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower gingival index (GI) compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
SMD -1.75 [-2.27, -1.24]
12 studies
GRADE not reported

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), change · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… probably leads to lower hbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), change compared with no active intervention/usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
MD -0.43 [-0.59, -0.28]
30 studies · 2443 participants
Moderate

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Quality of life indicators · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
Three studies measured QoL. Vergnes 2018: overall GOHAI adjusted MD 7.0 (95% CI 2.4 to 11.6), 79 participants (better oral health-related QoL); no clear change in general SF-36 QoL. D'Aiuto 2018 ADDQoL better in…
3 studies
GRADE not reported

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
SMD -2.05 [-2.57, -1.53]
18 studies
GRADE not reported

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
MD -0.56 [-0.72, -0.40]
21 studies
GRADE not reported

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
MD -15.56 [-21.77, -9.36]
14 studies
GRADE not reported

Early paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by post‐treatment ECHO) · preterm or low birth weight infants with PDA

Early paracetamol may leads to lower failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (by… compared with placebo/no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.35
2 studies · 127 participants
Low

Early paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · preterm or low birth weight infants with PDA

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found