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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,206 questions in 117 reviews · Common Mental Disorders
current versionsNo studies 387 · 17.5%Ungraded 111 · 5%Very low 635 · 28.8%Low 568 · 25.7%Moderate 449 · 20.4%High 56 · 2.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Antidepressants vs psychological interventions Depression response or remission (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs psychological interventions Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs psychological interventions Depression severity ‐ mean EPDS score (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs psychological interventions Treatment acceptability ‐ dropouts · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.24, 4.88] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs psychological interventions Child‐related outcomes · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs psychosocial interventions Depression response or remission (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo Depression remission (acute, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.54 [0.99, 2.41] | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs psychosocial interventions Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs psychosocial interventions Depression severity (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs psychosocial interventions Treatment acceptability ‐ dropouts · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.94 [1.12, 3.35] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs psychosocial interventions Child‐related outcomes · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Depression response (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.76, 1.27] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Depression remission (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.68, 1.41] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Depression response (early phase, < 5 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Depression remission (early phase, < 5 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Depression severity‐ mean HAM‐D scores (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Treatment acceptability ‐dropouts · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.74 [0.99, 3.06] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs any other pharmacological intervention Child‐related outcomes · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Depression response (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.23 [0.71, 2.12] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Depression remission (acute phase, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.17 [0.44, 3.09] | NR | Very low |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Depression severity · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Treatment acceptability · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs any complementary medicine Child‐related outcomes · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo Depression severity ‐ overall (acute, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Depression severity ‐ EPDS (acute, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Treatment acceptability ‐ dropouts · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [0.74, 1.64] | NR | Low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Child‐related outcomes · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs treatment Depression response or remission (acute, 5 ≤ 12 weeks) · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs treatment Adverse events · women of any age, with PND up to 12 months Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Recurrence of any episodes at one year (hospitalization for any episodes) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Recurrence of manic episode at one year · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.66, 1.26] | 3 studies · 574 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Recurrence of depressive episode at one year · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.53, 1.05] | 3 studies · 574 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Quality of life as measured by the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Total severity score from depression and mania symptom scores, such as HDRS and the YMRS · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of any episodes at one year (hospitalization for any episodes) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of any episodes at one year (Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score ≥15 for manic episode) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3.57 [0.15, 85.39] | 2 studies · 376 participants | Very low |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of any episodes at one year (Montgomery‐Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score ≥15 for depressive episode; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) total score ≥14 for depressive episode) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.4 [0.7, 2.79] | 2 studies · 376 participants | Low |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of any episodes at one year for clinical worsening with additional psychotropics (mood stabilizers, antidepressants, antipsychotics or benzodiazepines) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.11 [0.92, 1.35] | 3 studies · 602 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of any episodes at one year (active suicidal behavior) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.06, 15.91] | 1 study · 155 participants | Very low |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, up to 12 weeks after intervention commencement (short term) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs placebo Recurrence of any episodes at one year (Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score ≥15 for manic episode) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.51, 0.87] | 3 studies · 663 participants | Low |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Withdrawal from treatment due to any reason, 6‐12 months after intervention initiation (long term) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.88, 1.05] | 4 studies · 636 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Any reported adverse effects up to 12 weeks after starting treatment (short term) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Any reported adverse effects 6‐12 months after initiating the intervention (long term) · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.7 [0.51, 0.96] | 4 studies · 691 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of manic episode at one year · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.13 [1.32, 3.44] | 3 studies · 602 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Recurrence of depressive episode at one year · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.63, 1.09] | 3 studies · 602 participants | Moderate |
Lamotrigine vs lithium Quality of life as measured by the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey · bipolar disorder Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |