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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
759 questions in 57 reviews · Colorectal
current versionsNo studies 91 · 12%Ungraded 12 · 1.6%Very low 209 · 27.5%Low 229 · 30.2%Moderate 160 · 21.1%High 58 · 7.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Continuous vs interrupted closure Sinus or fistula formation at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.51 [0.64, 3.61] | 10 studies · 5082 participants | Very low |
Monofilament vs multifilament sutures Incisional hernia · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.59, 0.98] | 16 studies · 4520 participants | Moderate |
Monofilament vs multifilament sutures Wound infection at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.91, 1.28] | 23 studies · 6557 participants | Moderate |
Monofilament vs multifilament sutures Wound dehiscence at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.93, 1.67] | 22 studies · 6199 participants | Moderate |
Monofilament vs multifilament sutures Sinus or fistula formation at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.91 [0.77, 4.73] | 8 studies · 2285 participants | Very low |
Fast absorbable vs slow absorbable sutures Incisional hernia · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.63, 1.06] | 10 studies · 3643 participants | Moderate |
Fast absorbable vs slow absorbable sutures Wound infection at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.85, 1.57] | 11 studies · 4100 participants | Moderate |
Fast absorbable vs slow absorbable sutures Wound dehiscence at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [0.92, 2.61] | 8 studies · 3440 participants | Moderate |
Absorbable vs non‐absorbable sutures Wound infection at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.84, 1.17] | 29 studies · 8457 participants | Moderate |
Fast absorbable vs slow absorbable sutures Sinus or fistula formation at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.05, 16.05] | 2 studies · 911 participants | Very low |
Absorbable vs non‐absorbable sutures Wound dehiscence at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.55, 1.1] | 34 studies · 9004 participants | Moderate |
Absorbable vs non‐absorbable sutures Sinus or fistula formation at last · patients undergoing a laparotomy Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.26, 0.94] | 19 studies · 5470 participants | Low |
Mass vs layered closure Incisional hernia · patients undergoing laparotomy incisions Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.92 [0.58, 6.35] | 5 studies · 1176 participants | Very low |
Mass vs layered closure Wound infection at last · patients undergoing laparotomy incisions Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.67, 1.3] | 11 studies · 2926 participants | Low |
Mass vs layered closure Wound dehiscence at last · patients undergoing laparotomy incisions Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.31, 1.52] | 11 studies · 2863 participants | Moderate |
Mass vs layered closure Sinus or fistula formation at last · patients undergoing laparotomy incisions Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.15, 1.62] | 6 studies · 1076 participants | Low |
Continuous vs interrupted closure Incisional hernia · patients undergoing a laparotomy incision Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.76, 1.35] | 11 studies · 3854 participants | Moderate |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Total complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.97 [0.27, 3.5] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Intraoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.06 [0.17, 6.7] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Postoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.2 [0.09, 0.44] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Postoperative superficial infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.1 [0.01, 0.84] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Postoperative ileus · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.37 [0.13, 1.07] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Postoperative deep infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.45 [0.1, 2.08] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Operative time (minutes) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Hospital stay (days) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Total complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 2.03 [0.71, 5.84] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Intraoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.74 [0.33, 9.04] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Postoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.88 [0.63, 5.64] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Intraoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.93 [0.34, 2.55] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Postoperative superficial infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.25 [0.32, 4.9] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Postoperative ileus · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.92 [0.15, 5.64] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Postoperative deep infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.75 [0.28, 10.93] | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Operative time (minutes) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Clips vs ligature Hospital stay (days) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 553 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Total complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.13, 7.6] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Intraoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.13, 7.6] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Postoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Postoperative superficial infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Postoperative ileus · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Postoperative complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.8 [0.21, 3.13] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Postoperative deep infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Operative time (minutes) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs clips Hospital stay (days) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Postoperative superficial infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.58 [0.18, 1.93] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Postoperative ileus · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.47 [0.19, 1.18] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Postoperative deep infections · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.79 [0.24, 2.53] | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Operative time (minutes) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Mechanical devices vs ligature Hospital stay (days) · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 850 participants | Very low |
Endoscopic stapler vs ligature Total complications · patients undergoing appendix stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy Closure methods of the appendix stump for complications during laparoscopic appendectomy (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.34 [0.05, 2.41] | 3 studies · 327 participants | Very low |
Enema plus glucagon vs enema alone Successfully reduced intussusception · children with intussusception Management for intussusception in children (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.94, 1.26] | 2 studies · 218 participants | Low |