Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

670 questions · 695 findings · 72 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 160 · 23%GRADE not reported 58 · 8.3%Very low 291 · 41.9%Low 148 · 21.3%Moderate 35 · 5%High 3 · 0.4%

Psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (1 to 70) Panic Disorder Severity Scale (0 to 28) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) · adults with panic disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term remission · adults with panic disorder

All psychological therapies showed no clear difference in short‐term remission compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term response · adults with panic disorder

All psychological therapies showed no clear difference in short‐term response compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Leaving the study early · adults with panic disorder

It is very uncertain whether all psychological therapies changes dropouts for any reason compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): panic frequency Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitive Questionnaire (1 to 70) Fear Questionnaire Agoraphobia Subscale (0 to 14) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) STAI ... · adults with panic disorder
1 finding from 1 review