Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

315 questions · 315 findings · 30 reviews · Consumers and Communication

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No studies found 68 · 21.6%GRADE not reported 45 · 14.3%Very low 50 · 15.9%Low 97 · 30.8%Moderate 51 · 16.2%High 4 · 1.3%

Intervention not reported

Health outcomes · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Other outcomes · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Health service utilisation · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Cost · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Health behaviour outcomes · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1705 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Vitamin C adherence · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 99 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Healthy behaviour in children · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 32 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Acceptability · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 32 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects · Various (pregnant women; daily smokers aged 16 and older; university students; children aged 5‐13)

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone messaging for preventive health care 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1705 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
18 studies · 1356 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 176 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 164 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Explanation and planning (information giving) · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 122 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Specific communication skills · pre‐registration medical students

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes specific communication skills (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 427 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events · pre‐registration medical students

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used across studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 502 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Empathy · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Relationship building/Rapport · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 190 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 48 participants
Low