Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Death at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment showed no clear difference in death at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

End‐stage renal disease · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to lower end‐stage kidney disease at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Total remission (complete or partial) at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to higher total remission (complete or partial) at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Complete remission · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to higher complete remission at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Relapse · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment may leads to higher recurrence of disease (relapse) at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

100% increase in SCr at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to lower 100% increase in serum creatinine at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent discontinuation/hospitalisation at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to higher adverse events: temporary/permanent discontinuation or… compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: infection at 3 years · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: infection at 3 years compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: malignancy at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High‐pressure garment therapy vs low‐pressure garment therapy

Scar improvement (POSAS) (0–10, higher score = more severe scarring) · people with burn wounds likely to develop hypertrophic scarring
2 findings from 1 review