Overall survival (OS) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) probably leads to lower overall Survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Overall response rate (OSR) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed no clear difference in adverse Events grade 3 to 4 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Treatment discontinuation due to adverse event (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention probably leads to lower treatment discontinuation due to adverse event (safety population) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Treatment‐related death (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention may leads to higher treatment‐related death (safety population) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nausea/vomiting* grade 3 or 4 (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention may leads to higher nausea/vomiting* grade 3 or 4 (safety population) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nephrotoxicity (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Anaemia grade 3 or 4 (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention may leads to higher anaemia grade 3 or 4 (safety population) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Hair loss (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention may leads to lower hair loss (safety population) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Leukopaenia (safety population) · women with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC)
The intervention probably leads to higher leukopaenia (safety population) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to death from any cause (here: overall mortality at 12‐month
Pembrolizumab probably leads to lower time to death from any cause (here: overall mortality at 12‐month compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life (Change from baseline to week 15)
Pembrolizumab may leads to higher quality of life (Change from baseline to week 15) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Brain tumour response rates: complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) combinedNo. of participants: 847(6 RCTs)
Pembrolizumab probably leads to higher response rate (partial and complete response) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment‐related mortality
Pembrolizumab showed no clear difference in treatment‐related mortality compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events
Pembrolizumab showed no clear difference in discontinuation due to adverse event compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events (irrespective of attribution to treatment)
Pembrolizumab may leads to lower serious adverse events (irrespective of attribution to treatment) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Overall survival ‐ trials of metastatic breast cancer participants unselected for TNBC · women with metastatic breast cancer unselected for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC)
The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ trials of metastatic breast cancer participants… (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Leukopenia** grade 3 or 4 (safety population) · women with metastatic breast cancer
The intervention probably leads to higher leukopenia** grade 3 or 4 (safety population) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Progression‐free survival/time to progression (randomised participants) ‐ trials of metastatic breast cancer participants unselected for TNBC · women with metastatic breast cancer unselected for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC)
The intervention showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival/time to progression (randomised… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review