Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

761 questions · 801 findings · 50 reviews · Common Mental Disorders

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No studies found 125 · 15.6%GRADE not reported 34 · 4.2%Very low 226 · 28.2%Low 232 · 29%Moderate 176 · 22%High 8 · 1%

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Depressive symptoms · patients with depression

2 findings from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 219 participants
Moderate
Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 142 participants
Moderate

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Any adverse events Up to 3 months · patients with depression

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) showed no clear difference in any adverse events Up to 3 months compared with TAU (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.45 [0.02, 11.46]
1 study · 79 participants
Low

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Functioning at · patients with depression

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Quality of life (RAND‐36) Up to 3 months · patients with depression

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with depression

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early Up to 3 months compared with TAU (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.49 [0.14, 1.7]
5 studies · 293 participants
Moderate

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Anxiety · patients with depression

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 195 participants
Low

Integrative therapy vs control

Gambling symptom severity · patients with pathological and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 137 participants
Very low

Integrative therapy vs control

Financial loss from gambling ‐ comparisons at 0 to 3 months post‐treatment Lower scores indicate reduced financial loss from gambling, and thus positive outcomes1 · patients with pathological and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 137 participants
Very low

Integrative therapy vs control

Frequency of gambling ‐ comparisons at 0 to 3 months post‐treatment Lower scores indicate reduced financial loss from gambling, and thus positive outcomes1 · patients with pathological and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs control

Severity of PTSD symptoms · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 1272 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs control

Somatic symptoms and related disorders · children exposed to traumatic events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Psychological therapy vs control

Depression at endpoint · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 studies · 1254 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs control

Anxiety · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 694 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs control

Leaving the study early · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event

Psychological therapy showed no clear difference in dropouts for any reason compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.82, 1.16]
23 studies · 2950 participants
Moderate

Psychological therapy vs control

Somatic symptoms and related disorders · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Psychological therapy vs control

Severity of PTSD symptoms · children exposed to traumatic events

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 130 participants
Very low

Psychological therapy vs control

Depression at endpoint · children exposed to traumatic events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Psychological therapy vs control

Anxiety · children exposed to traumatic events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Psychological therapy vs control

Leaving the study early · children exposed to traumatic events

Psychological therapy showed no clear difference in dropouts for any reason compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for the treatment of mental disorders in low‐ and middle‐income countries affected by… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.87 [0.47, 7.47]
3 studies · 138 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs any comparator

Treatment efficacy for depression (short term: 8–9 weeks) · anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with long‐term physical conditions

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with long‐term physical conditions 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 1121 participants
Low