Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

395 questions · 404 findings · 37 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 83 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 41 · 10.1%Very low 127 · 31.4%Low 115 · 28.5%Moderate 38 · 9.4%High 0 · 0%

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive therapy vs supportive therapy

Satisfaction and acceptability of treatment (medium term) ‐ leaving the study early · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies vs prison therapeutic community

Arrested for any crime at 6 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies changes arrested for any crime at 6 months compared with prison therapeutic community (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies vs prison therapeutic community

Arrested (not parole violation) at 6 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and other therapies changes arrested (not parole violation) at 6 months compared with prison therapeutic community (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care vs treatment

Incarceration at 3 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and standard therapy changes incarceration at 3 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Lost to treatment compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Adverse event: Death · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in adverse event: Death compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Relapse · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing changes relapse:* Relapse at 3 months after 9 months of treatment compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review