Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo or usual care

Minor surgical complications · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Topical TXA may leads to lower minor surgical complications compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic TXA vs placebo or usual care

Unplanned hospitalizations or readmissions · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

It is very uncertain whether systemic TXA changes unplanned hospitalizations or readmissions compared with no TXA (placebo or usual care) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Clinical improvement: participants discharged from hospital ‐ not reported · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in improvement of clinical status (number of participants discharged… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Adverse events: all grades · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in adverse events of any grade (by day 28) compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo

Serious adverse events (by day 28) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies… showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (by day 28) compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo

Worsening of clinical status at day 28 (data only available for clinical status worsened on day 7) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

It is very uncertain whether hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma changes worsening of clinical status at day 28 (data only available for… compared with saline placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review