What do systematic reviews say?

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

Bisphosphonate may leads to lower acute graft rejection compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.89]
  7 studies · 470 participants
  Low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes death (all causes) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.34, 2.8]
  10 studies · 597 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes cardiovascular death compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.58]
  3 studies · 150 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes spinal deformity compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.26, 1.31]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Very low

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether bisphosphonate changes hypocalcaemia compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5.59 [1, 31.06]
  4 studies · 207 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes fracture compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.1, 8.94]
  5 studies · 299 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes acute graft rejection compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.52, 1.86]
  5 studies · 385 participants
  Very low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

It is very uncertain whether PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction… changes incidence of ORN compared with no treatment/placebo (cellulose foam only) placed in extraction socket (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  5-year follow-up
  OR 3.32 [0.58, 19.09]
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  14 to 36 months
  This comparison was only made in 1 study, which showed no difference between the 2 interventions: no patients in either group developed ORN (12- to 36-month follow-up) (0/99 in the fluoride gel group and 0/91 in the…
  1 study · 220 participants
  Very low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 weeks to 12 months
  This comparison was only made in 1 study: mean pain scores at 2 weeks, 2, 6, 9, and 12 months showed no 'significant' differences between the 2 groups (self-reported Likert scale 1 to 10; difference at 2 weeks P =…
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 3352 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 2762 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 7195 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 8083 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 7091 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 8873 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in T1 maternal self‐rated health % in poor health. Event defined as… (low certainty).

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.54, 1.36]
  1 study · 311 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in T2 maternal self‐rated health % in good or excellent health. Event… (moderate certainty).

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.95, 1.18]
  2 studies · 2551 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in T3 maternal self‐rated health % in good or very good health. Event… (low certainty).

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.91, 1.04]
  1 study · 1854 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 2762 participants
  Moderate