Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,288 questions · 3,354 findings · 516 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 720 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 164 · 4.9%Very low 950 · 28.3%Low 932 · 27.8%Moderate 434 · 12.9%High 154 · 4.6%

Intervention not reported

Beta‐blockers + sclerotherapy(1 RCT, 141 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes beta‐blockers + sclerotherapy(1 RCT, 141 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

No active intervention(2 RCTs, 208 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes no active intervention(2 RCTs, 208 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Beta‐blockers + nitrates(2 RCTs, 203 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes beta‐blockers + nitrates(2 RCTs, 203 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Beta‐blockers plus Sclerotherapy(No direct RCT) · people with liver cirrhosis and previous oesophageal variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes beta‐blockers plus Sclerotherapy(No direct RCT) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Beta‐blockers plus Sclerotherapy(2 RCTs; 71 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and previous oesophageal variceal bleeding

The intervention showed no clear difference in beta‐blockers plus Sclerotherapy(2 RCTs; 71 participants) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review