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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,590 questions in 129 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 17.7%Ungraded 74 · 4.7%Very low 410 · 25.8%Low 420 · 26.4%Moderate 280 · 17.6%High 125 · 7.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Depression · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Bethanechol vs placebo Rate of spontaneous voiding recovery 1 week after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Time after surgery to post‐void residual volume of urine ≤ 50 mL (days) Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Adverse events (acute complication after surgery) Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.24, 2.49] | 1 study · 71 participants | Very low |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Post‐void residual urine volume (mL) at 1 month after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Urinary tract infections in the first month after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.53, 1.13] | 2 studies · 95 participants | Very low |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Subjective urinary symptoms Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bethanechol vs placebo Quality of life (QoL) Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bethanechol vs placebo Time after surgery to post‐void residual volume of urine ≤ 50 mL (days) Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bethanechol vs placebo Adverse events Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bethanechol vs placebo Post‐void residual urine volume (mL) at 1 month after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Very low |
Bethanechol vs placebo Urinary tract infections in the first month after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bethanechol vs placebo Subjective urinary symptoms Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Rate of spontaneous voiding recovery 1 week after surgery Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Suprapubic catheterisation vs intermittent self‐catheterisation Quality of life (QoL) Postoperative interventions for preventing bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy in women with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Protons vs photons Local control ( · adults with chordoma Protons versus photons for the treatment of chordoma (2021) · Cochrane | HR 5.34 [0.66, 43.43] | 39 participants | Very low |
Protons vs photons Mortality ( · adults with chordoma Protons versus photons for the treatment of chordoma (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.44 [0.13, 1.57] | 65 participants | Very low |
Protons vs photons Recurrence ( · adults with chordoma Protons versus photons for the treatment of chordoma (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.34 [0.1, 1.17] | 81 participants | Very low |
Protons vs photons Treatment‐related toxicity · adults with chordoma Protons versus photons for the treatment of chordoma (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [0.17, 9.86] | 1 study · 33 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR MSP compared with IHC · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 913 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Other techniques (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1209 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR PSQ compared with IHC · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 871 participants | Low |
Intervention NR PSQ compared with MSP · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1119 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Variants of PSQ · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 876 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR qMSP (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 765 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Bead array (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 81 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR PCR‐mRNA (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 148 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR MS‐MLPA (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 48 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR PCR‐HRM (against MSP or PSQ) · people with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with temozolomide Outcome being predicted: overall survival (time to… Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 309 participants | Very low |
Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Overall survival · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.77 [0.62, 0.95] | 1 study · 452 participants | Low |
Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy Specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 5.45 [0.27, 109.49] | 1 study · 67 participants | Very low |
Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy Specific adverse events: serious thromboembolic events · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3.41 [0.14, 80.59] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy Specific adverse events: serioushypertension · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.36 [0.02, 8.62] | 1 study · 67 participants | Very low |
Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy Serious adverse events · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.15 [0.75, 1.78] | 1 study · 67 participants | Low |
Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy Economic evaluation ‐ not measured · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Overall survival · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.9 [0.51, 1.6] | 1 study · 52 participants | Low |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Specific adverse events: gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae ‐ not reported · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Specific adverse events: haemorrhage ‐ not reported · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Specific adverse events: thromboembolic events ‐ not reported · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Specific adverse events: hypertension · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 5.14 [1.28, 20.73] | 1 study · 52 participants | Low |
Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy Specificadverse events: gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 18 [2.42, 133.67] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy vs chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Economic evaluation ‐ not measured · women with recurrent or FIGO stage IVB cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Overall survival · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 2.71 [1.16, 6.31] | 1 study · 117 participants | Low |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Specific adverse events: gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.19, 21.59] | 1 study · 152 participants | Very low |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Specific adverse events: haemorrhage · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.72, 5.58] | 1 study · 152 participants | Very low |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Specific adverse events: thromboembolic events · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.12, 72.5] | 1 study · 152 participants | Very low |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Specific adverse events: hypertension · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 12 [2.94, 49.01] | 1 study · 152 participants | Moderate |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Serious adverse events · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.94, 2.26] | 1 study · 152 participants | Low |
Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib Economic evaluation ‐ not measured · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |