Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

603 questions · 627 findings · 69 reviews · Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care

No studies found 111 · 17.7%GRADE not reported 27 · 4.3%Very low 191 · 30.5%Low 138 · 22%Moderate 100 · 15.9%High 60 · 9.6%

Naldemedine vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Naldemedine probably leads to higher laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone may leads to higher laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone probably leads to higher laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone may leads to higher laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel statusgat… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalhin the medium term compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Naldemedine vs placebo

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Naldemedine vs placebo

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether naldemedine changes symptoms of opioid withdrawalein the medium termc compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Naldemedine vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsh · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Naldemedine showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsh compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy

Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy

It is very uncertain whether topical clonidine (TC) changes participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater during longest compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy

Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in much or very much improved on PGIC during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy

Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Number of participants reporting an adverse event · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy

Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in participants experiencing at least 1adverse event during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review