Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

610 questions · 675 findings · 57 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 105 · 15.6%GRADE not reported 429 · 63.6%Very low 102 · 15.1%Low 31 · 4.6%Moderate 8 · 1.2%High 0 · 0%

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Changes in microbiome in oral cavity, nasal cavity, oro- or nasopharynx · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Incidence of symptomatic or test-positive COVID-19 infection in HCWs · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Enamel matrix derivative (EMD; Emdogain) vs placebo or control

Marginal bone level change · Patients affected by chronic, aggressive, or early onset periodontitis, with intrabony defects having an intrabony component of at least 3…
1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional triamcinolone vs Intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional triamcinolone changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional triamcinolone vs Intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional triamcinolone changes burning sensation (VAS 0-100) compared with intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intralesional betamethasone vs intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide

Clinical resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

Intralesional betamethasone may leads to higher clinical resolution compared with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional betamethasone vs intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide

Clinical score (14 days) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

It is very uncertain whether intralesional betamethasone changes clinical score (14 days) compared with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional betamethasone vs intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide

Pain (mean score) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

Intralesional betamethasone showed no clear difference in pain (mean score) compared with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid (AMCA cones) vs Placebo (lactose cones)

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Tranexamic acid (AMCA cones) showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with placebo (lactose cones); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluticasone propionate spray vs Betamethasone sodium phosphate mouthwash

Pain reduction (VAS 0-100) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
  • In the Hegarty 2002 cross-over trial (n=22), no statistical testing of the pain score (VAS 0 to 100) was reported; it is not clear whether the difference is statistically significant (fluticasone mean score 19.8 versus…
    1 study · 22 participants
    GRADE not reported

Systemic (oral) betamethasone vs Topical triamcinolone acetonide paste

Clinical score · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

It is very uncertain whether systemic (oral) betamethasone changes clinical score compared with topical triamcinolone acetonide paste (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic (oral) betamethasone vs Topical triamcinolone acetonide paste

Pain resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

It is very uncertain whether systemic (oral) betamethasone changes pain resolution compared with topical triamcinolone acetonide paste (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy vs Topical triamcinolone acetonide paste

Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
  • Table 3 (Side-effects). Malhotra 2008: betamethasone oral mini-pulse - transient oedema over the face (7), oedema over hands and feet (4), epigastric discomfort (7), weakness/fatigue (5), loose stools (1), headache…
    1 study · 22 participants
    GRADE not reported

Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy vs Topical triamcinolone acetonide paste

Investigator‐ or physician‐rated global assessment of disease severity · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy led to higher physician Global Assessment (clinical severity, 0-12 score) compared with topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% paste; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review