Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

477 questions · 520 findings · 39 reviews · Back and Neck

No studies found 91 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 14 · 2.7%Very low 137 · 26.3%Low 149 · 28.7%Moderate 104 · 20%High 25 · 4.8%

Back School vs exercise

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: intermediate‐term compared with exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back School vs no treatment

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: intermediate‐term compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back School vs joint manipulation

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain
2 findings from 1 review