Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

286 questions · 287 findings · 9 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 20 · 7%GRADE not reported 24 · 8.4%Very low 11 · 3.8%Low 58 · 20.2%Moderate 139 · 48.4%High 35 · 12.2%

Intervention not reported

All cause AEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 3473(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause AEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 3473(3 RCTs) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.9, 1.02]
3 studies · 3473 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Moderate to severe exacerbations ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5452(6 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.82, 1.05]
6 studies · 5452 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 5969(7 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.68, 1.48]
7 studies · 5969 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3205(3 RCTs)

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes dropouts due to adverse event ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.08, 2.14]
3 studies · 3205 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2670(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.47 [0.19, 1.18]
2 studies · 2670 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2668(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse event ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.76, 2.02]
2 studies · 2668 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5018(4 RCTs)

The intervention leads to lower dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.38, 0.95]
4 studies · 5018 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 1765(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse event ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.29, 3.44]
2 studies · 1765 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 11 RCTs Total Participants: 13209 · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 13209 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 6 RCTs; 6244 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 6244 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3188 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3188 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Moderate to severe exacerbations ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3184(3 RCTs)

The intervention probably leads to lower moderate to severe exacerbations ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.75, 0.99]
3 studies · 3184 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2039 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 12 RCTs Total Participants: 12915 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 12915 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 7 RCTs; 5949 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 5949 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3188 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3188 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2039 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 12 RCTs Total Participants: 12915 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 12915 participants
GRADE not reported