Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography… changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 12 months (9 months… compared with pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5‐14 years with daytime urinary incontinence or post‐micturition dribbling

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at end of treatment or 1… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TENS vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 4 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 3 months compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 3 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence after 12 months of… compared with urotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review