Cell death / cytotoxicity induction · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
One study reported time-dependent cell-death induction (50% at 10 h) with cranberry extract (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Biofilm morphology or biomass · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
No meta-analysis was conducted; four included studies reported disrupted biofilm structure or reduced biomass with cranberry extract or fractions.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Bacterial adhesion · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
No meta-analysis was conducted; two included studies reported reduced Streptococcus mutans adhesion with grape seed extract or fractions.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Antioxidant capacity · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
No meta-analysis was conducted; one included study reported antioxidant properties of cranberry fractions.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study
GRADE not reported
Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)
Azithromycin + SRP led to lower probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -0.57 [-1.08, -0.07]
6 studies · 216 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.77 [-2.33, 0.79]
2 studies · 110 participants
Very low
MD -0.60 [-1.02, -0.18]
7 studies · 258 participants
GRADE not reported
Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
Doxycycline + SRP showed no clear difference in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with metronidazole + SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD 0.34 [-0.08, 0.76]
3 studies · 75 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 1.10 [0.36, 1.84]
1 study · 27 participants
Very low
MD -0.12 [-0.72, 0.49]
2 studies · 49 participants
GRADE not reported
Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)
It is very uncertain whether metronidazole + SRP changes probing pocket depth compared with SRP (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD -1.11 [-2.84, 0.61]
2 studies · 47 participants
Very low
MD -0.59 [-0.95, -0.23]
4 studies · 94 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.10 [-0.37, 0.16]
4 studies · 108 participants
GRADE not reported
Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
It is very uncertain whether doxycycline + SRP changes clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with SRP (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD -0.80 [-1.49, -0.11]
1 study · 22 participants
Very low
MD -0.61 [-1.14, -0.08]
3 studies · 65 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 0.15 [-0.53, 0.83]
2 studies · 43 participants
GRADE not reported
Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)
Azithromycin + SRP showed no clear difference in percentage of closed pockets compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
Doxycycline + SRP showed no clear difference in probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD 0.10 [-0.29, 0.50]
2 studies · 43 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -1.00 [-1.78, -0.22]
1 study · 22 participants
Very low
MD -0.43 [-0.88, 0.01]
3 studies · 65 participants
GRADE not reported
Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP led to lower probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -0.47 [-0.68, -0.26]
6 studies · 215 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.18 [-0.33, -0.04]
15 studies · 562 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.30 [-0.42, -0.18]
2 studies · 389 participants
Very low
Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)
Azithromycin + SRP led to lower percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -3.32 [-6.23, -0.42]
6 studies · 228 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -1.28 [-4.32, 1.76]
2 studies · 110 participants
Very low
MD -3.18 [-7.01, 0.65]
6 studies · 216 participants
GRADE not reported
Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
Doxycycline + SRP showed no clear difference in probing pocket depth compared with metronidazole + SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD 0.38 [0.00, 0.76]
3 studies · 75 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 1.00 [0.30, 1.70]
1 study · 27 participants
Very low
MD -0.16 [-0.56, 0.24]
2 studies · 49 participants
GRADE not reported
Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
Clindamycin + SRP showed no clear difference in probing pocket depth compared with metronidazole + SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -0.14 [-0.82, 0.54]
1 study · 26 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.10 [-0.79, 0.59]
1 study · 26 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 0.20 [-0.38, 0.78]
1 study · 26 participants
Very low
Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with chronic periodontitis
It is very uncertain whether amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP changes percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with SRP (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD 0.00 [-0.09, 0.09]
1 study · 21 participants
Very low
MD -0.10 [-0.19, -0.01]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.10 [-0.19, -0.01]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported
Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP showed no clear difference in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with clarithromycin + SRP; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Probing pocket depth · Adults with chronic periodontitis
Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP showed no clear difference in probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD 0.00 [-0.19, 0.19]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 0.10 [-0.17, 0.37]
1 study · 21 participants
Very low
MD 0.20 [-0.02, 0.42]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review