What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes failure: continued failure after second attempt using same procedure… (very low certainty).

• Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.09, 0.32]
  6 studies · 624 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

• Self‐management interventions including action plans for exacerbations versus usual care in patients with chronic… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 1582 participants
  High

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

• Self‐management interventions including action plans for exacerbations versus usual care in patients with chronic… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 217 participants
  Low

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

Self‐management interventions including action plans for exacerbations showed no clear difference in courses of oral steroids compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Self‐management interventions including action plans for exacerbations versus usual care in patients with chronic… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4.38 [0.55, 34.91]
  4 studies · 963 participants
  Low

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide leads to lower number of participants with exacerbations requiring steroids,… compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.61 [0.46, 0.8]
  4 studies · 1922 participants
  High

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide probably leads to higher quality of life: number of participants with ≥ 4 units improvement… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.45 [1.16, 1.82]
  3 studies · 1397 participants
  Moderate

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide showed no clear difference in non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [0.89, 2]
  4 studies · 1922 participants
  Moderate

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide showed no clear difference in number of participants with hospital admissions due to COPD… compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.86 [0.25, 2.92]
  4 studies · 1922 participants
  Low

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide leads to higher number of participants with ≥ 1 unit improvement in TDI focal score compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.71 [1.37, 2.15]
  3 studies · 1441 participants
  High

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1381 participants
  High

Umeclidinium bromide vs placebo

Umeclidinium bromide showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Umeclidinium bromide versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.06 [0.85, 1.31]
  4 studies · 1922 participants
  Moderate

AeriSeal vs control

• Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  Low

Airway bypass stents vs control

• Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 350 participants
  High

Airway bypass stents vs control

• Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 350 participants
  High

Airway bypass stents vs control

• Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 350 participants
  Moderate

Airway bypass stents vs control

Airway bypass stents showed no clear difference in adverse events at end of compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [0.65, 2.73]
  1 study · 315 participants
  Moderate