Pain (PIPP) · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Familiar odour (breast milk smell) showed no clear difference in PIPP during endotracheal suctioning Range of scale 0 to 21. Lower… compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Physiological indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Heart rate · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Familiar odour (breast milk smell) showed no clear difference in heart rate compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SaO 2 during endotracheal suctioning · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Familiar odour (breast milk smell) showed no clear difference in saO 2 during endotracheal suctioning compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Behavioural indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
— · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Discomfort/pain · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain (PIPP) · neonates with mechanical ventilation
White noise showed no clear difference in PIPP during endotracheal suctioning Range of scale 0 to 21 Lower… compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Physiological indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain (PIPP) · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Facilitated tucking / four‐handed care / gentle human touch showed no clear difference in PIPP during endotracheal suctioning Range of scale 0 to 21. Lower… compared with standard care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Heart rate · neonates with mechanical ventilation
White noise showed no clear difference in heart rate compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SaO 2 · neonates with mechanical ventilation
White noise showed no clear difference in saO 2 compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Behavioural indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
— · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Physiological indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Heart rate · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Facilitated tucking / four‐handed care / gentle human touch showed no clear difference in heart rate compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SaO 2 during endotracheal suctioning · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Facilitated tucking / four‐handed care / gentle human touch showed no clear difference in saO 2 during endotracheal suctioning compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Behavioural indicators · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
SDB during endotracheal suctioning · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Facilitated tucking / four‐handed care / gentle human touch showed no clear difference in SDB during endotracheal suctioning compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SRB during endotracheal suctioning · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Facilitated tucking / four‐handed care / gentle human touch may leads to higher SRB during endotracheal suctioning compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review