Intervention not reported
Bupropion · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher bupropion (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nortriptyline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention probably leads to higher nortriptyline (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Successful LP on first attempt № of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Total number of LP attempts № of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Episodes of bradycardia · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
NFCS pain score during the procedure№ of infants: 112(2 RCTs) Score · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Episodes of desaturation, defined as a decrease of SpO2 to less than 80%, with no minimum duration specified—not reported · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Apnea: number of episodesduring the procedure · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Episodes of apnea · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
It is very uncertain whether topical anesthetics changes apnea: occurrence of one or more episodes№ of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 3.24 [0.14, 77.79]
Studies not reported
Very low
Caries experience · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers
Oral-health-education-only interventions showed at most a marginal effect on tooth-level caries (dmft SMD -0.11, 95% CI -0.21 to -0.00; 2 studies; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience at the surface level (dmfs/defs) · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers
Oral-health-education-only interventions did not show a statistically significant effect on surface-level caries (dmfs SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.43 to 0.03; 2 studies; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical malaria incidence · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 participants
Very low
Haemoglobin (g/dL) · people at risk of malaria
Habitat manipulation and modification with larviciding showed no clear difference in haemoglobin levels compared with no intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 participants
Moderate
EIR · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 participants
GRADE not reported
Density of adult mosquitoes · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Moderate
Density of immature mosquitoes · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 participants
Moderate
Malaria parasite prevalence · people at risk of malaria
It is very uncertain whether habitat manipulation changes malaria parasite prevalence compared with no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.01 [0, 0.16]
2 participants
Very low
EIR · people at risk of malaria
It is very uncertain whether habitat manipulation changes EIR compared with no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.05 [0, 1.03]
1 participants
Very low
Density of adult mosquitoes · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Low
Density of immature mosquitoes · people at risk of malaria
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3 participants
Low