Serious neonatal morbidity · women with a twin pregnancy
Planned caesarean section showed no clear difference in serious neonatal morbidity compared with planned vaginal birth (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Longer‐term maternal outcomes: failure to breastfeed · women with a twin pregnancy
Planned caesarean section showed no clear difference in longer‐term maternal outcomes: failure to breastfeed compared with planned vaginal birth (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight (g) · Pregnant women recruited before 20 weeks' gestation
Caffeinated (experimental group) showed no clear difference in birthweight (g) compared with decaffeinated group (control group) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low birthweight · Pregnant women recruited before 20 weeks' gestation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women recruited before 20 weeks' gestation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Sudden infant death syndrome · Pregnant women recruited before 20 weeks' gestation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Gestational diabetes · Pregnant women recruited before 20 weeks' gestation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Detection of fetal abnormality before 24 weeks' gestation · Fetal ultrasound assessment before 24 weeks' gestation
Routine/revealed probably leads to higher detection of fetal abnormality before 24 weeks' gestation compared with selective/concealed ultrasound (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality · Fetal ultrasound assessment before 24 weeks' gestation
Routine/revealed showed no clear difference in perinatal death (all babies) compared with selective/concealed ultrasound (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low birthweight · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment
Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Excessive weight gain · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions leads to lower excessive weight gain compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mean GWG (kg) · pregnant women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Low weight gain · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions probably leads to higher low weight gain compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean delivery compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Blood loss > 400 mL or > 500 mL · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower blood loss > 400 mL or > 500 mL compared with placebo/no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Blood loss > 1000 mL · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower blood loss > 1000 mL compared with placebo/no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mean blood loss (mL) · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
1 finding from 1 review
Use of additional medical interventions to control PPH · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower use of additional medical interventions to control PPH compared with placebo/no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious maternal morbidity or death · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
1 finding from 1 review