Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

133 questions · 142 findings · 13 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

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No studies found 25 · 17.6%GRADE not reported 11 · 7.7%Very low 28 · 19.7%Low 45 · 31.7%Moderate 27 · 19%High 6 · 4.2%

Summary of findings for additional food items between meals vs usual care

Nutritional status, measured by body weight (kg, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for additional food items between meals vs usual care

Mealtime behaviour not measured · people with dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Incidence of delirium

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention probably leads to lower incidence of delirium validated instruments1 compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.59, 0.81]
7 studies · 1950 participants
Moderate

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Duration of delirium Days

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 244 participants
Very low

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Severity of delirium

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 67 participants
Low

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Length of hospital stay

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1920 participants
Moderate

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Return to independent living

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention showed no clear difference in return to independent living compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.85, 1.06]
4 studies · 1116 participants
Moderate

A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention vs usual care

Inpatient mortality

It is very uncertain whether A multi‐component delirium prevention intervention changes inpatient mortality compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non‐ICU patients 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.56, 1.43]
3 studies · 859 participants
Very low

Case management vs usual care

Institutionalised (number of participants admitted to residential or nursing homes) at 10 ‐ 12 months · people with dementia

Case management showed no clear difference in institutionalised (number of participants admitted to residential or… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.95 [0.83, 1.08]
9 studies · 5990 participants
Low

Case management vs usual care

Time to institutionalisation at 12 months · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 125 participants
Low

Case management vs usual care

Hospital admissions · people with dementia

Case management showed no clear difference in hospital admission (number of participants admitted) at 12 months compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.59, 1.3]
5 studies · 585 participants
Moderate

Case management vs usual care

Mortality (number of deaths) at 12 months · people with dementia

Case management showed no clear difference in mortality (number of deaths) at 12 months compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.83, 1.2]
8 studies · 6112 participants
High

Case management vs usual care

Quality of life (participants) at 12 months · people with dementia

Case management showed no clear difference in quality of life (participants) at 12 months compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.05
3 studies · 511 participants
High