Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

407 questions · 412 findings · 45 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 137 · 33.3%GRADE not reported 8 · 1.9%Very low 129 · 31.3%Low 88 · 21.4%Moderate 47 · 11.4%High 3 · 0.7%

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Resolution or improvement of telangiectasias ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 348 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Adverse events ‐ hyperpigmentation ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) probably leads to lower adverse events ‐ hyperpigmentation ( compared with sclerotherapy (any sclerosant) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.59, 0.93]
2 studies · 288 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Adverse events ‐ matting ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ matting ( compared with sclerotherapy (any sclerosant) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.58, 1.36]
2 studies · 288 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Pain ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 348 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Recurrence · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Time to resolution · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Quality of life · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ 2 site (4‐8 o?clock) paracervical block vs 4 site (2‐4‐8‐10 o?clock) paracervical block

Pain with aspiration – normal salined,e · people requesting a surgical abortion at less than 11 weeks' gestation (Renner 2016) and seven to 12 weeks' gestation (Glantz 2001)

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthesia for pain control in first trimester surgical abortion 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Moderate

Any washout vs no washout

Number of participants with symptomatic UTI · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 53 participants
Low

Any washout vs no washout

Symtomatic UTI Mean number of episodes of high temperature · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Very low

Any washout vs no washout

Symptomatic UTI Mean number of episodes of high temperature due to possible urinary origin · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Very low

Any washout vs no washout

Number of catheters used (Number of participants needing catheter replacement, saline washout versus no washout) · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults

It is very uncertain whether any washout changes number of catheters used (Number of participants needing catheter… compared with no washout (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.67 [0.34, 1.31]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

One washout solution vs another

Number of participants with symptomatic UTI · Long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Time in hospital(days) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Mortality (during hospitalization) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

It is very uncertain whether balanced crystalloid solutions changes mortality (during hospitalization) compared with 0.9% saline (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.02, 7.39]
Studies not reported
Very low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Need for additional fluids · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

Balanced crystalloid solutions showed no clear difference in need for additional fluids compared with 0.9% saline (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.67 [0.26, 1.72]
Studies not reported
Low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Total amount of fluids received · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Final pH after correction (corrected pH) · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Final bicarbonate level after correction · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Balanced crystalloid solutions vs Normal saline

Adverse events: hyponatraemia · children with severe dehydration due to diarrhoea

Balanced crystalloid solutions showed no clear difference in adverse events: hyponatraemia compared with 0.9% saline (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balanced crystalloid solutions versus 0.9% saline for treating acute diarrhoea and severe dehydration in children 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.41 [0.96, 2.07]
Studies not reported
Low