Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

129 questions · 134 findings · 12 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 44 · 32.8%GRADE not reported 64 · 47.8%Very low 20 · 14.9%Low 6 · 4.5%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

CBT vs alternative treatment

Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not measured (not synthesised for this comparison; review-wide only one study reported quality of life).
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs alternative treatment

Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in pain intensity at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Treatment completion
SMD 0.03 [-0.21, 0.28]
5 studies · 509 participants
Low
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up (6-12 months)
SMD -0.29 [-0.50, -0.08]
5 studies · 475 participants
Low

CBT vs alternative treatment

Mental distress · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) may leads to lower psychological distress at follow-up compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up
SMD -0.32 [-0.51, -0.13]
6 studies · 516 participants
Low
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Treatment completion
SMD -0.32 [-0.50, -0.15]
6 studies · 553 participants
Low

CBT vs alternative treatment

Additional physical symptoms · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not measured (not synthesised for this comparison; review-wide only one study reported additional physical symptoms).
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs alternative treatment

Disability caused by pain at follow-up · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in disability caused by pain at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Treatment completion
SMD -0.15 [-0.40, 0.10]
3 studies · 245 participants
Low
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up
SMD -0.15 [-0.42, 0.12]
3 studies · 245 participants
Low

CBT vs alternative treatment

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF: 3 studies reported minor adverse events in the control group; 1 study reported minor adverse events in psychological therapy group; 1 study reported that there were no adverse events. Results: NCT00066937 minor…
5 studies
Very low

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Complications (adverse effects) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

Diclofenac sodium (oral NSAID) showed no clear difference in complications (adverse effects) compared with occlusal splint therapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 1.07 [0.50, 2.28]
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Morphological changes of the TMJs (assessed by CT) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study reports morphological changes assessed by CT for the entire sample without distinction of group, so extraction was not possible.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Pain (on movement and on palpation of the affected TMJ) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 week and 3 months
Data for pain on movement or pain on palpation of the affected TMJ (both at 1 week and 3 months) could not be extracted, as they are described as percentages of an unclear total number. Narratively, diclofenac sodium…
1 study
GRADE not reported