Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

184 questions · 196 findings · 42 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 32 · 16.3%GRADE not reported 2 · 1%Very low 43 · 21.9%Low 62 · 31.6%Moderate 39 · 19.9%High 18 · 9.2%

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

Length of stay among survivors · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

Necrotising enterocolitis · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.66]
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

Retinopathy of prematurity · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes all‐cause mortality during hospital stay compared with immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [0.36, 4.39]
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

Chronic lung disease in survivors · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

Length of stay among survivors · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

Necrotising enterocolitis · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.66]
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

Retinopathy of prematurity · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes all‐cause mortality during hospital stay compared with pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.24, 2.1]
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

Chronic lung disease in survivors · neonates with sepsis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

High protein vs low protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 114 participants
Low

Very high protein vs low protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Necrotising enterocolitis · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Very high protein vs high protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Weight gain · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Moderate

Very high protein vs high protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Linear growth (cm/week) · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Moderate

Very high protein vs high protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Growth: head circumference (cm/week) · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Very high protein vs high protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

IQ score and Bayley score at 18 months or later · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Very high protein vs high protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Necrotising enterocolitis · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

High protein vs low protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Linear growth (cm/week) · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 48 participants
Low

High protein vs low protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

Growth: head circumference (cm/week) · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

High protein vs low protein intake (restricted to studies meeting all a priori inclusion criteria)

IQ score and Bayley score at 18 months or later · formula‐fed low birth weight infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found