Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

496 questions · 532 findings · 43 reviews

No studies found 136 · 25.6%GRADE not reported 22 · 4.1%Very low 136 · 25.6%Low 150 · 28.2%Moderate 68 · 12.8%High 20 · 3.8%

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Point abstinence (number of participants who were abstinent at the end of the treatment) · adults with stimulant use disorder

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention showed no clear difference in point abstinence, end of treatment compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention may leads to higher number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of women who completed treatment ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention showed no clear difference in number of women who completed treatment ‐ total compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Abstinence · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to higher abstinence at 0 to 5 months postpartum compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Birthweight < 2500 (g) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower low birthweight (under 2500 g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in preterm birth (under 37 weeks) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Mean birthweight · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in mean birthweight (g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Stillbirth · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in stillbirths compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review