It is very uncertain whether prophylactic or very early CPAP changes failed treatment defined as recurrent apnoea, hypoxia, hypercarbia… compared with supportive care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.49, 0.74]
4 studies · 765 participants
Very low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency at 36 weeks postmenstrual age · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency… compared with supportive care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.51, 1.14]
3 studies · 683 participants
Moderate

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Death at any time · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in death at any time compared with supportive care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.56, 1.93]
4 studies · 765 participants
Moderate

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.4, 1.19]
1 study · 256 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.35, 1.16]
3 studies · 568 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 4 compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.39, 2.37]
2 studies · 486 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Educational intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 1128 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 578 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 525 participants
Moderate

Behavioural intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to higher 3.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.7 [1.2, 2.41]
6 studies · 549 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to lower 3.4 Withdrawal compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.66 [0.44, 0.98]
10 studies · 939 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

Daytime sleepiness (ESS): endpoint score. · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 271 participants
Low

Behavioural intervention vs control

AHI · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 89 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

QoL · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

2 findings from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 228 participants
Moderate
Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
GRADE not reported