Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

230 questions · 242 findings · 27 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 64 · 26.4%GRADE not reported 7 · 2.9%Very low 86 · 35.5%Low 54 · 22.3%Moderate 20 · 8.3%High 11 · 4.5%

Summary of findings: resistance exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: resistance exercises changes number of people who experienced 1 or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: resistance exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: resistance exercises changes number of people who experienced 1 or more fall‐related fractures compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (Tai Chi) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: 3D (Tai Chi) exercise may leads to lower rate of falls (falls per person‐year) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (Tai Chi) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: 3D (Tai Chi) exercise leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (Tai Chi) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise changes rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise changes number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) changes rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) changes number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: walking programme (general physical activity) changes number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise probably leads to lower rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise probably leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) may leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: multiple categories of exercise showed no clear difference in number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review