Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

336 questions · 357 findings · 36 reviews

No studies found 65 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 16 · 4.5%Very low 87 · 24.4%Low 114 · 31.9%Moderate 60 · 16.8%High 15 · 4.2%

Intervention not reported

Pegylated interferon beta‐1a (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1512 participants) · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Alemtuzumab, azathioprine, cladribine, daclizumab, dimethylfumarate, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate,…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pegylated interferon beta‐1a (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1512… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Interferon beta 1a‐1b No direct evidence · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Azathioprine, daclizumab, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, Immunoglobulins, interferon beta 1a ‐1b,…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes interferon beta 1a‐1b No direct evidence (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Interferon beta‐1b (Betaferon) No direct evidence · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Azathioprine, daclizumab, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, Immunoglobulins, interferon beta 1a ‐1b,…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes interferon beta‐1b (Betaferon) No direct evidence (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Interferon beta‐1b (Betaferon) No direct evidence · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Alemtuzumab, cladribine, daclizumab, dimethylfumarate, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, interferon…

The intervention showed no clear difference in interferon beta‐1b (Betaferon) No direct evidence (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Interferon beta‐1a (Rebif, Avonex) (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 897 participants) · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Alemtuzumab, cladribine, daclizumab, dimethylfumarate, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, interferon…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes interferon beta‐1a (Rebif, Avonex) (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 897… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pegylated interferon beta‐1a (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1512 participants) · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Alemtuzumab, cladribine, daclizumab, dimethylfumarate, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, interferon…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pegylated interferon beta‐1a (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 1512… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Interferon beta‐1a (Avonex, Rebif) (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 560 participants) · Patients with RRMS Interventions: Azathioprine, daclizumab, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, Immunoglobulins, interferon beta 1a ‐1b,…

The intervention may leads to lower interferon beta‐1a (Avonex, Rebif) (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 560… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High vs low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b

PEG interferon alpha‐2a · patients on HD with HCV infection

High showed no clear difference in PEG interferon alpha‐2a compared with low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b (low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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High vs low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b

PEG interferon (alpha‐2b) · patients on HD with HCV infection

High showed no clear difference in PEG interferon alpha‐2b compared with low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

High vs low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b

PEG interferon (combined) · patients on HD with HCV infection

High showed no clear difference in PEG interferon (combined) compared with low dose pegylated interferon alpha‐2a or alpha‐2b (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Interferon-alpha (systemic) vs Placebo (subcutaneous)

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with Behcet's disease with a history of recurrent oral aphthous-type (RAS-type) ulcers diagnosed clinically; primary care
1 finding from 1 review
  • Alpsoy 2002: high rate of adverse events including alopecia, leukopenia, and diarrhoea; 18 of 23 patients in the treatment arm experienced mild flu-like symptoms.
    1 study · 50 participants
    GRADE not reported