Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

405 questions · 407 findings · 32 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 31 · 7.6%GRADE not reported 25 · 6.1%Very low 27 · 6.6%Low 122 · 30%Moderate 148 · 36.4%High 54 · 13.3%

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2817(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.9, 1.07]
2 studies · 12 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2222(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.95, 1.07]
2 studies · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 1088(1 RCT)

The intervention probably leads to higher ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [1.01, 1.15]
1 study · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 1631(1 RCT)

The intervention showed no clear difference in ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.91, 1.03]
1 study · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 1727(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.45, 1.42]
2 studies · 1727 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3982(3 RCTs)

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.99, 1.23]
3 studies · 12 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 1089(1 RCT)

The intervention probably leads to higher ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [1.01, 1.16]
1 study · 12 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 6204(4 RCTs)

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes ACQ responders at 12 months ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants:… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.99, 1.17]
4 studies · 12 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 13 RCTs Total Participants: 144476 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 144476 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 8 RCTs; 7511 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 7511 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3187 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3187 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCT; 2039 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Outcome№ of participants(studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 7511(8 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 7511(8… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.83, 1.29]
8 studies · 7511 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 814(1 RCT)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.17, 1.93]
1 study · 814 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3187(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3187(3… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.85, 1.5]
3 studies · 3187 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2039(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2039(2… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.76, 1.47]
2 studies · 2039 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2660(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2660(2… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.81, 1.44]
2 studies · 2660 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5004(4 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5004(4… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.77, 1.18]
4 studies · 5004 participants
Moderate