Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

125 questions · 127 findings · 38 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 24 · 18.9%GRADE not reported 4 · 3.1%Very low 20 · 15.7%Low 38 · 29.9%Moderate 25 · 19.7%High 16 · 12.6%

Intervention not reported

Surgical site infection within 30 days in trials with low risk of bias (14 days to 30 days) · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in surgical site infection within 30 days in trials with low risk of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Surgical site infection within 30 days, irrespective of risk of bias (14 days to 30 days) · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in surgical site infection within 30 days, irrespective of risk of bias… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Respiratory insufficiency · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in respiratory insufficiency (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review