Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

275 questions · 299 findings · 21 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 50 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 207 · 69.2%Very low 17 · 5.7%Low 20 · 6.7%Moderate 5 · 1.7%High 0 · 0%

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine vs no intervention

Prevalence of eruption/non-eruption of the palatally displaced permanent canine (successful eruption) · Children with palatally displaced maxillary canines (at least 80% aged 10 to 13 years); trials with craniofacial syndromes or anomalies…
1 finding from 1 review

Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at one timing (e.g. early secondary grafting) vs Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at a different / optimal timing (e.g. late secondary grafting)

Outcome not reported · Patients greater than 5 years of age with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and/or palate involving the alveolar process (complete or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Secondary alveolar bone grafting with a given sequence of orthodontic treatment (e.g. orthodontics before grafting) vs Secondary alveolar bone grafting with a different sequence of orthodontic treatment (e.g. orthodontics after grafting)

Outcome not reported · Patients greater than 5 years of age with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and/or palate involving the alveolar process (complete or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue vs Traditional iliac bone graft alone

Radiographic assessment: coronal bone volume (cm3) · Patients aged 7 to 16 years with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (alveolar cleft)

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue led to higher radiographic assessment: coronal bone volume (cm3) compared with traditional iliac bone graft alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue vs Traditional iliac bone graft alone

Wound infection · Patients aged 7 to 16 years with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (alveolar cleft)

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue showed no clear difference in postoperative complication: wound infection compared with traditional iliac bone graft alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue vs Traditional iliac bone graft alone

Radiographic assessment: coronal bone density (Hounsfield units) · Patients aged 7 to 16 years with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (alveolar cleft)

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue led to higher radiographic assessment: coronal bone density (Hounsfield units) compared with traditional iliac bone graft alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue vs Traditional iliac bone graft alone

Wound dehiscence · Patients aged 7 to 16 years with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (alveolar cleft)

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue showed no clear difference in postoperative complication: wound dehiscence compared with traditional iliac bone graft alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate vs placebo

Pain on TMJ palpation (ordinal scale) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate showed no clear difference in pain on TMJ palpation (ordinal scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical capsaicin vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

Patient quality of life · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral gabapentin vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

Adverse effects on oral health · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diazepam vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Change in pain index · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral propranolol (beta-blocker) showed no clear difference in change in pain index compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Participants' assessment of improvement of pain in right TMJ (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in participants' assessment of improvement of pain in right TMJ (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Pain on palpation of right masseter muscle (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in pain on palpation of right masseter muscle (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) vs placebo

Spontaneous masseter muscle pain (numerical graph rating scale) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) led to lower spontaneous masseter muscle pain (numerical graph rating scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review