Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,355 questions · 2,459 findings · 279 reviews

No studies found 556 · 22.6%GRADE not reported 490 · 19.9%Very low 593 · 24.1%Low 479 · 19.5%Moderate 243 · 9.9%High 98 · 4%

PLMA vs tracheal tube

Episodes of hypoxaemia in PACU < 92% oxygen saturation · airway management during general anaesthesia in obese participants

PLMA probably leads to lower episodes of hypoxaemia in PACU < 92% oxygen saturation compared with tracheal tube (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PLMA vs tracheal tube

Laryngospasm/bronchoconstriction between induction and recovery · airway management during general anaesthesia in obese participants

It is very uncertain whether PLMA changes laryngospasm/bronchoconstriction between induction and recovery compared with tracheal tube (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Electronic cigarette use vs Non-smokers

Peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters (plaque index, probing depth, bone loss, pro-inflammatory profile) · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users with dental implants (incl. male implant-supported prosthesis patients)

Among dental implant patients, e-cigarette users show worse peri-implant parameters (more plaque, worse clinical and radiographic outcomes) than non-smokers (narrative synthesis; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review
  • An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. 2025 All outcomes
    Dental implant / peri-implant care · Implant/peri-implant populations: Vamos (implant patients), Youssef (male implant patients only), Yang (broad SR incl. peri-implant)
    Narrative synthesis: e-cigarette users with dental implants showed a higher peri-implant plaque index and worse clinico-radiographic and immunological peri-implant parameters than non-smokers (worse than non-smokers…
    3 studies
    GRADE not reported

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs serratus anterior plane block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block showed no clear difference in rates of block‐related adverse events compared with serratus anterior plane block (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block vs intercostal nerve block

Rates of block‐related adverse events · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Erector spinae plane block changes rates of block‐related adverse events compared with intercostal nerve block (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review