Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,763 questions · 1,835 findings · 201 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 414 · 22.6%GRADE not reported 51 · 2.8%Very low 570 · 31.1%Low 468 · 25.5%Moderate 272 · 14.8%High 60 · 3.3%

Yoga vs no exercise

Clinical improvement Assessed as participant rating that back pain was improved or resolved. Improvement measured differently in each study · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain

Yoga may leads to higher clinical improvement Assessed as participant rating that back pain… compared with non‐exercise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Yoga vs no exercise

Adverse events (1 participant withdrew due to increased back pain) · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain

Yoga may leads to higher adverse events (1 participant withdrew due to increased back pain) compared with non‐exercise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Yoga vs exercise

Clinical improvement Assessed as participant rating that back pain was improved or resolved. Improvement measured differently in each study · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain

It is very uncertain whether yoga changes clinical improvement Assessed as participant rating that back pain… compared with exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Yoga vs exercise

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain

Yoga showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with exercise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review