What do systematic reviews say?

Flapless implant placement vs Conventional flap elevation

Flapless implant placement led to higher patient preference compared with conventional flap elevation; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 106.70 [20.97, 542.82]
  1 study · 80 participants
  GRADE not reported

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine plus cervical pull headgear vs Extraction of the primary maxillary canine alone

• Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
  Narrative (not pooled, not GRADE-rated). Leonardi 2004: extraction plus headgear (80%) gave significantly higher eruption than extraction alone (50%) (Chi2 4.69; P<0.05). Baccetti 2008: extraction plus headgear was…
  2 studies · 79 participants
  GRADE not reported

Dietary counselling tailored to a Stage of Change (Transtheoretical Model) to increase fruit and vegetable intake (two counselling sessions) vs usual care

• One‐to‐one dietary interventions undertaken in a dental setting to change dietary behaviour 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 weeks after receiving replacement dentures (about 10 weeks after baseline)
  At follow-up 75% (22) of the intervention group versus 29% (8) of the control were in the Action Stage of Change for fruit consumption (P<0.001); baseline 20% (6) versus 8% (2). Significant difference between groups.…
  1 study · 58 participants
  GRADE not reported

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) showed no clear difference in number of aphthous ulcers at completion compared with prednisolone (5 mg per day for 3 months); GRADE not reported.

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 months
  MD -0.13 [-0.50, 0.24]
  1 study · 34 participants
  GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 1%

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 months
  Colchicine was associated with statistically significantly more adverse effects than prednisolone (nine participants reporting adverse effects on colchicine versus two on prednisolone).
  1 study · 34 participants
  GRADE not reported

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) showed no clear difference in recurrence during treatment period compared with prednisolone (5 mg per day for 3 months); GRADE not reported.

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 months
  RR 1.30 [0.98, 1.71]
  1 study · 34 participants
  GRADE not reported

Chlorhexidine 0.2% vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 1% with chlorhexidine 2% final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1% with normal saline final rinse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 5% vs Sodium hypochlorite 5% with proteolytic enzyme

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine vs no intervention

• Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
  Narrative summary (data not poolable, not GRADE-rated). Leonardi 2004: successful eruption of the permanent canine 50% in the extraction-only group, which was not significantly greater than the success rate in…
  2 studies · 70 participants
  GRADE not reported

Saliva stimulant lozenge (sorbitol, Sorbee) vs Saliva substitute spray

Saliva stimulant lozenge (sorbitol, Sorbee) led to lower patient preference compared with saliva substitute spray (MouthKote); GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Stewart 1998: no statistically significant difference in patient preference between lozenge and spray (Analysis 2.3).
  1 study · 80 participants
  GRADE not reported

Consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) vs Profylin lozenge (xylitol/sorbitol + CMC)

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Patients ranked gum and lozenge equal for preference.
  1 study · 18 participants
  GRADE not reported

CMC spray / aloe vera gel / canola oil spray vs Mucin spray (and between each other)

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No significant difference in patient preference between the treatments (Chi2 3.67, df=3; P = 0.30).
  1 study · 123 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intraoral device releasing Biotene Oral Balance gel vs usual care without an aid

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  More participants preferred the intraoral device (66%) compared with usual care; data not suitable for meta-analysis.
  1 study · 30 participants
  GRADE not reported

Mucin-containing lozenge vs placebo control

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Patient preference strongly favoured the mucin lozenge (P < 0.001, binomial test).
  1 study · 42 participants
  GRADE not reported

Chewing gum vs Saliva substitute spray

Chewing gum (mechanical saliva stimulant) led to lower patient preference compared with saliva substitute spray; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Bots 2005: statistically significant preference for chewing gum over Xialine spray, 39/49 (80%) preferred gum vs 10/49 (20%) spray (Chi2 17.16, df=1; P < 0.001) (Analysis 2.3). Davies 2000: more people preferred gum,…
  1 study · 65 participants
  GRADE not reported

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) spray vs Salinum linseed oil spray

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Statistically significant preference for linseed spray: of 17 with a preference, more favoured linseed (Chi2 4.77, df=1; P = 0.029); 3 expressed no preference.
  1 study · 20 participants
  GRADE not reported

Hypnosis vs relaxation

Hypnosis led to lower depression (short term) compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.

• Psychosocial interventions for the management of chronic orofacial pain 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term
  SMD -0.49 [-0.93, -0.04]
  2 studies · 81 participants
  GRADE not reported

Psychosocial interventions (cognitive behavioural therapy, biofeedback, combination CBT/biofeedback, physical self-regulation/posture self-control) vs usual care

Psychosocial interventions (cognitive behavioural therapy,… led to lower depression (long term) compared with usual care (conservative treatment: education, counselling,…; GRADE not reported.

• Psychosocial interventions for the management of chronic orofacial pain 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Long term (more than 3 months)
  SMD -0.35 [-0.54, -0.16]
  6 studies · 455 participants
  GRADE not reported