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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,266 questions · 1,314 findings · 160 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 309 · 23.5%GRADE not reported 34 · 2.6%Very low 356 · 27.1%Low 393 · 29.9%Moderate 187 · 14.2%High 35 · 2.7%

Misoprostol vs surgery

Complete miscarriage · incomplete miscarriage

It is very uncertain whether misoprostol changes complete miscarriage compared with surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Misoprostol vs surgery

Surgical evacuation · incomplete miscarriage

It is very uncertain whether misoprostol changes surgical evacuation compared with surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium citrate vs no intervention

Proportion of participants who developed a new urinary stone · children with idiopathic urinary calculi treated with shockwave lithotripsy

Potassium citrate may leads to lower proportion of participants who developed a new urinary stone compared with no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium citrate vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing intervention · children with idiopathic urinary calculi treated with shockwave lithotripsy

It is very uncertain whether potassium citrate changes proportion of participants with adverse events while undergoing… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs oral medication

Control of bleeding (cure or improvement to acceptable level) At 2 years · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery probably leads to higher control of bleeding (cure or improvement to acceptable level) At 4… compared with oral medication (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Surgery vs LNG‐IUS

Satisfaction rate: surgery versus LNG‐IUS Endometrial ablation versus LNG‐IUS At 2 years · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery showed no clear difference in satisfaction rate: surgery versus LNG‐IUS Endometrial ablation… compared with LNG‐IUS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs LNG‐IUS

Proportion of women with adverse events Endometrial ablation versus LNG‐IUS. At one year · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery probably leads to lower proportion of women with adverse events Endometrial ablation versus… compared with LNG‐IUS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs oral medication

Overall satisfaction with treatment At 5 years · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

It is very uncertain whether surgery changes overall satisfaction with treatment At 5 years compared with oral medication (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs LNG‐IUS

Objective control of bleeding: menstrual loss under 80 ml per cycle LNG‐IUS versus hysterectomy At 1 year · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery probably leads to higher objective control of bleeding: menstrual loss under 80 ml per cycle… compared with LNG‐IUS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs LNG‐IUS

Subjective control of bleeding: PBAC no more than 75 per cycle Endometrial resection or ablation versus LNG‐IUS At 1 year · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery may leads to higher subjective control of bleeding: PBAC no more than 75 per cycle… compared with LNG‐IUS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs LNG‐IUS

Satisfaction rate: surgery versus LNG‐IUS Endometrial ablation versus LNG‐IUS At 1 year · women with heavy menstrual bleeding

Surgery showed no clear difference in satisfaction rate: surgery versus LNG‐IUS Endometrial ablation… compared with LNG‐IUS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Imiquimod vs placebo

Response to treatment at 5 to 6 months ‐ overall response · women with usual‐type vulval intraepithelial neoplasia

Summary of findings for imiquimod leads to higher response to treatment at 5 to 6 months ‐ overall response compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review