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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,590 questions in 129 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 17.7%Ungraded 74 · 4.7%Very low 410 · 25.8%Low 420 · 26.4%Moderate 280 · 17.6%High 125 · 7.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Cardiomyopathy/heart failure primary cause of death Available‐case analysis · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1008 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Clinical heart failure and subclinical myocardial dysfunction combined Defined as (1) evidence of clinical congestive heart failure, (2) a reduction in LVEF as measured by MUGA to < 45% or (3) a decrease in LVEF as measured by MUGA of > 20 percent... · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.13, 0.85] | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Clinical heart failure and subclinical myocardial dysfunction combined Defined as clinical heart failure (no definition provided) or subclinical myocardial dysfunction defined as decreased LVFS; however, it was stated that toxicity was graded acco... · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 537 participants | Very low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Overall mortality (Reported as number of participants who died) · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.01 [0.72, 1.42] | 3 studies · 1008 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Progression‐free survival · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Tumour response rate Defined as number of complete remissions (no definition of complete remission provided). Best‐case analysis · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.95, 1.07] | 1 study · 206 participants | Very low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Tumour response rate Defined as number of complete responses (i.e. disappearance of active Hodgkin lymphoma (gallium negative, ≥ 70% decrease in the sum of the products of the perpendicular diameters of measurable lesions, and negative bone marrow... · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.84, 1.01] | 1 study · 200 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Quality of life · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Clinical heart failure and subclinical myocardial dysfunction combined Comparable definitions; see Characteristics of included studies for exact definitions. Available‐case analysis · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.37 [0.24, 0.56] | 3 studies · 417 participants | Moderate |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention Secondary malignant neoplasms Available‐case analysis · children with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.08 [1.13, 8.38] | 3 studies · 1015 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Clinical heart failure and subclinical myocardial dysfunction combined Comparable definitions; see Characteristics of included studies for exact definitions. Available‐case analysis · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.46 [0.33, 0.66] | 2 studies · 534 participants | Moderate |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Overall survival (Illustrative comparative risks reported as number of alive participants) · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.04 [0.88, 1.23] | 4 studies · 4 participants | Moderate |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Progression‐free survival Defined as time from first date of complete response, partial response or stable disease until the date progressive disease was first noticed (Illustrative comparative risks reported as number of participants without prog... · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.62 [0.43, 0.9] | 1 study · 164 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Progression‐free survival Defined as time to progression; starting point nm (Illustrative comparative risks reported as number of participants without progression) · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.95 [0.64, 1.4] | 1 study · 1 participants | Low |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Progression‐free survival Defined as time from randomisation to progression either on or off treatment (Illustrative comparative risks reported as number of participants without progression) · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.18 [0.97, 1.43] | 2 studies · 2 participants | Moderate |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Tumour response rate Defined as number of complete or partial remissions Available‐case analysis · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.79, 1.04] | 6 studies · 956 participants | Moderate |
Dexrazoxane vs no cardioprotective intervention or placebo Quality of life · adults with cancer receiving anthracyclines Dexrazoxane for preventing or reducing cardiotoxicity in adults and children with cancer receiving… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm vs NMRD Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.03 [1.8, 2.29] | 17 studies · 9404 participants | Moderate |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs no macroscopic residual disease (NMRD) Progression‐free survival · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.6 [1.21, 2.11] | 6 studies · 1572 participants | Very low |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.76 [1.23, 2.52] | 4 studies · 1145 participants | Very low |
Residual disease (RD) > 0 cm vs NMRD Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.11 [1.35, 3.29] | 4 studies · 906 participants | Very low |
Residual disease (RD) > 0 cm vs NMRD Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.36 [1.05, 1.76] | 1 study · 471 participants | Very low |
Small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm vs NMRD Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.88 [1.63, 2.16] | 10 studies · 6596 participants | Moderate |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs no macroscopic residual disease (NMRD) Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced ovarian cancer after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.5 [2.13, 2.94] | 14 studies · 7988 participants | Moderate |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs no macroscopic residual disease (NMRD) Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced ovarian cancer after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.1 [1.84, 2.4] | 6 studies · 2629 participants | Moderate |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.22 [1.13, 1.32] | 5 studies · 6000 participants | Moderate |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) < 1 cm Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after PDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 1.3 [1.08, 1.56] | 2 studies · 3402 participants | Moderate |
Small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) (< 1 cm) vs NMRD Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.09 [1.2, 3.6] | 1 study · 310 participants | Very low |
Small‐volume residual disease (SVRD) (< 1 cm) vs NMRD Progression‐free survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 322 participants | Very low |
Large‐volume residual disease (LVRD) > 1 cm vs no macroscopic residual disease (NMRD) Overall survival: Median length of · women with advanced EOC after primary IDS Impact of residual disease as a prognostic factor for survival in women with advanced epithelial ovarian… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 2.23 [1.49, 3.34] | 1 study · 343 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Invitation versus control: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.71 [1.49, 1.96] | 24 studies · 141391 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR GP invitation letter versus invitation letter from other authority sources: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.69 [0.75, 3.82] | 2 studies · 86 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Personal invitation versus invitation letter: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [1.11, 1.56] | 5 studies · 27663 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Letter with fixed appointment versus letter with open invitation to make appointment: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.61 [1.48, 1.75] | 5 studies · 5742 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Counselling versus control: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.23 [1.04, 1.45] | 2 studies · 393 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Counselling versus other: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [0.9, 1.41] | 1 study · 208 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Education versus control: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.35 [1.18, 1.54] | 13 studies · 63415 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Education versus other: uptake of screening · women for cervical screening Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2500 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Antibiotics prior to long‐term CVC insertion versus control: catheter‐related infections · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of… Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous… (2021) · Cochrane | Risk ratio 0.67 [0.32, 1.43] | 5 studies · 648 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: catheter‐related infections · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of… Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous… (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.47 [0.26, 0.85] | 5 studies · 443 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: adverse events · adults and children diagnosed with an oncologic disease with a newly‐inserted long‐term CVC who were at risk of… Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 300 participants | Low |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Overall survival ( · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.96 [0.86, 1.08] | 4 studies · 2000 participants | High |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Progression‐free survival ( · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | HR 0.98 [0.88, 1.08] | 4 studies · 1847 participants | Moderate |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ stoma formation (within 30 days of surgery) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.29 [0.12, 0.74] | 2 studies · 632 participants | Moderate |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ bowel resection (within 30 days of surgery) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.3, 0.79] | 4 studies · 1565 participants | Moderate |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ postoperative G3+ events (within 30 days of surgery) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.13, 0.38] | 2 studies · 435 participants | Moderate |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) Surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of surgery4) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.16 [0.06, 0.46] | 5 studies · 1623 participants | High |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) EORTC QLQ‐C30 QoL at 6 months ‐ global health · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 524 participants | Very low |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Outcome: · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |