Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

350 questions · 352 findings · 52 reviews

No studies found 87 · 24.7%GRADE not reported 32 · 9.1%Very low 98 · 27.8%Low 67 · 19%Moderate 58 · 16.5%High 10 · 2.8%

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines may leads to higher adverse effects: sedation Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (75 mg/kg) vs pentobarbital intravenous (5 mg/kg)

Proportion of children who had sedation failure after 1 dose of sedative agent · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (75 mg/kg) may leads to higher proportion of children who had sedation failure after 1 dose of… compared with pentobarbital intravenous (5 mg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (75 mg/kg) vs pentobarbital intravenous (5 mg/kg)

Proportion of children who had sedation failure after 2 doses of sedative agent (same or different) · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

It is very uncertain whether chloral hydrate oral (75 mg/kg) changes proportion of children who had sedation failure after 2 doses of… compared with pentobarbital intravenous (5 mg/kg) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (100 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg) vs midazolam

Proportion of children with inadequate level of sedation (Ramsay score below 4) · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (100 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg) probably leads to lower proportion of children with inadequate level of sedation (Ramsay… compared with midazolam (intranasal 0.2 mg/kg or oral 0.5 mg/kg) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (100 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg) vs midazolam

Proportion of children who had sedation failure after 1 dose of sedative agent · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (100 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in proportion of children who had sedation failure after 1 dose of… compared with midazolam (intranasal 0.2 mg/kg or oral 0.5 mg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg) vs hydroxyzine hydrochloride oral (1 mg/kg + 1 mg/kg)

Proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level of sedation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level… compared with hydroxyzine hydrochloride oral (1 mg/kg + 1 mg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (70 mg/kg) vs promethazine

Proportion of children with inadequate level of sedation (Ramsay score below 4) · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (70 mg/kg) may leads to lower proportion of children with inadequate level of sedation (Ramsay… compared with promethazine oral (1 mg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (70 mg/kg) vs promethazine

Proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level of sedation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (70 mg/kg) probably leads to lower proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level… compared with promethazine oral (1 mg/kg) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) vs dexmedetomidine oral (2 µg/kg or 3 µg/kg)

Proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level of sedation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level… compared with dexmedetomidine oral (2 µg/kg or 3 µg/kg) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (60 mg/kg) vs music therapy

Proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level of sedation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

It is very uncertain whether chloral hydrate oral (60 mg/kg) changes proportion of children who had sedation failure or inadequate level… compared with music therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review