Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

230 questions · 242 findings · 27 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 64 · 26.4%GRADE not reported 7 · 2.9%Very low 86 · 35.5%Low 54 · 22.3%Moderate 20 · 8.3%High 11 · 4.5%

Running shoes recommended and selected on foot posture vs running shoes not recommended and selected on foot posture

Injury Incidence Rate (injuries / 1000 person‐days)a · military personnel

Running shoes recommended and selected on foot posture showed no clear difference in injury Incidence Rate (injuries / 1000 person‐days)a compared with running shoes not recommended and selected on foot posture (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Motion control vs neutral / cushioned running shoes

Number of runners sustaining a lower‐limb running injurya ( · healthy adults participating in recreational running

It is very uncertain whether motion control changes number of runners sustaining a lower‐limb running injurya ( compared with neutral / cushioned running shoes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) leads to lower rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: balance and functional exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: balance and functional exercises may leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more fall‐related fractures. compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: resistance exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: resistance exercises changes rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review